(Lessons from the Russo-Ukrainian War)
Introduction
FPV systems have revolutionized modern warfare – but achieving consistent combat effectiveness requires far more than capable hardware.
In my experience, most mission failures come not from the drones themselves, but from how they’re integrated, coordinated, and employed. Below are the five most common mistakes I’ve observed in FPV implementation – and how to fix each one with practical, battle-tested solutions.
1. Poor Target Identification and ISR Integration
An effective FPV mission starts long before takeoff. FPV platforms are designed for short-range, visual engagements – they’re not a substitute for layered reconnaissance or ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance).
When FPV crews are expected to find targets in complex terrain, the mission is already compromised.
How to Fix It:
Integrate FPV units within an existing ISR chain. Validate targets using multiple sensors and human intelligence, and maintain live communication between reconnaissance elements and pilots. Always tailor FPV mission profiles to the environment – open terrain vs. urban or forested areas – instead of forcing FPV assets into unsuitable roles.
2. Misunderstanding the Tool’s Strengths and Limits
FPV drones are not a universal solution – they’re a precision tool. They excel in direct, visual engagements and rapid reaction missions, not long-range or approximate targeting.
How to Fix It:
Clearly define FPV’s operational envelope in doctrine and training. Use it for what it does best – rapid overwatch, precision engagement, and low-latency response – and pair it with other systems when broader or indirect effects are required.
3. Poor ELINT / EW Coordination
Electronic losses are among the most preventable failures. Many FPV teams operate without full awareness of the electronic warfare (EW) situation, leading to signal interference or outright loss of control – sometimes from friendly systems.
How to Fix It:
Develop unified EW coordination protocols. Assign a single source of truth for EW status and activity. Train FPV operators and EW specialists together to ensure predictable, deconflicted use of the spectrum.
4. Lack of Systematic Data Collection and Analysis
Without structured data, improvement stops. If flights, failures, and environmental conditions aren’t logged, lessons are lost and mistakes repeat.
How to Fix It:
Introduce standardized mission logs and after-action reports. Record drone type, payload, environment, and outcomes. Use this data to refine tactics, adjust loadouts, and evolve training. Data-driven iteration is the backbone of operational maturity.
5. Absence of a Clear Strategic Framework
Tactics without strategy are wasted energy. Random deployment of FPV assets dilutes their effectiveness and increases exposure.
How to Fix It:
Create a strategic framework defining why FPV is used – disruption, target denial, ISR augmentation, or precision engagement. Ensure every sortie aligns with these objectives so that the FPV capability supports the broader mission plan.
Conclusion
These lessons are drawn directly from operational use in contested environments and refined through field training and doctrine development.
If your organization is implementing FPV capabilities – whether for tactical units, training programs, or strategic integration – I can help you avoid common pitfalls and accelerate effective deployment.